Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 no Hospital Central de Maputo: Prevalência de hipertensão e complicações oculares
Resumo
O artigo apresenta resultados de um estudo cujo objectivo era determinar o peso da Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 1 entre os doentes com patologia endócrina e a prevalência de hipertensão arterial e complicações oculares no Hospital Central de Maputo (HCM). Do ponto de vista metodológico, a população de estudo foi constituída por cerca de 191 doentes consecutivos com diabetes mellitus tipo 1, observados na consulta de endocrinologia do HCM e na Associação Moçambicana dos Diabéticos, no período de Março de 2006 e Março 2011. A análise estatística dos dados foi feita com recurso ao pacote estatístico SPSS for windows 17.0. Como Resultado, observa-se que a DM tipo 1 representou cerca de 10% dos casos de DM observados no HCM durante o período em referência. Observa-se ainda uma prevalência relativamente elevada da hipertensão arterial (9,9% sistólica e 8,9% diastólica); diferentes tipos de complicações oculares em 14,7% dos doentes de estudo. Também conclui-se que os principais factores de risco para a HTA constituíram a idade em anos e o índice de massa corporal, enquanto que os principais factores de risco para as complicações oculares foram a idade e a duração da doença para a retinopatia diabética (p <.000) e duração da doença para a catarata (p< .001). A Diabetes mellitus tipo 1 constitui um importante problema endócrino nas consultas de especialidade no HCM e apresenta-se com elevada taxa de HTA e complicações oculares.
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